Link to Lesson 2

National Common Core Standards: Grade 8 specific (as well as general category 6-8 Middle School Standards)

ELA: Speaking and Listening

Comprehension and Collaboration:

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.8.1 Engage effectively in a range of collaborative discussions (one-on-one, in groups, and teacher-led) with diverse partners on grade 8 topics, texts, and issues, building on others' ideas and expressing their own clearly.

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.8.1.A Come to discussions prepared, having read or researched material under study; explicitly draw on that preparation by referring to evidence on the topic, text, or issue to probe and reflect on ideas under discussion.

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.8.1.B Follow rules for collegial discussions and decision-making, track progress toward specific goals and deadlines, and define individual roles as needed.

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.8.1.C Pose questions that connect the ideas of several speakers and respond to others' questions and comments with relevant evidence, observations, and ideas.

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.8.1.D Acknowledge new information expressed by others, and, when warranted, qualify or justify their own views in light of the evidence presented.

Presentation of Knowledge and Ideas:

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.8.4 Present claims and findings, emphasizing salient points in a focused, coherent manner with relevant evidence, sound valid reasoning, and well-chosen details; use appropriate eye contact, adequate volume, and clear pronunciation.

ELA: Language

Vocabulary Acquisition and Use:

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.8.4 Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words or phrases based on grade 8 reading and content, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies.

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.8.4.C Consult general and specialized reference materials (e.g., dictionaries, glossaries, thesauruses), both print and digital, to find the pronunciation of a word or determine or clarify its precise meaning or its part of speech.

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.8.6 Acquire and use accurately grade-appropriate general academic and domain-specific words and phrases; gather vocabulary knowledge when considering a word or phrase important to comprehension or expression.

ELA: Science and Technical Subjects

Key Ideas and Details:

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.3 Follow precisely a multistep procedure when carrying out experiments, taking measurements, or performing technical tasks.

Next Generation Science Standards (Middle School)

The following performance expectations developed using elements from NRC document, A Framework for K-12 Science Education:

MS. Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation

Students who demonstrate understanding can:

MS-PS4-2.
Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on both light and mechanical waves. Examples of models could include drawings, simulations, and written descriptions.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment is limited to qualitative applications pertaining to light and mechanical waves.] http://www.nextgenscience.org/msps-wer-waves-electromagnetic-radiation

Louisiana Benchmarks (Middle School)

Key Concepts – Grade 8

Science as Inquiry

• Identify questions that guide/design scientific investigations and can be answered by a scientific investigation.
• Determine correct evidence to support a hypothesis.
• Identify flaws in an investigation.
• Identify parts of experimental design, types of variables, and controls; sequence steps in a scientific investigation; analyze data; and justify a logical conclusion.
• Describe how technology has helped scientists collect more accurate data or affected society.
• Recognize the value of communication, multiple trials, and empirical evidence in the development of conclusions and scientific theories.

Physical Science

• Describe the colors in the visible light spectrum; the effects of light traveling through a prism; refraction, absorption, transmission of light; and relate wavelengths to colors.
• Identify and compare the components of the electromagnetic spectrum; relate wavelength to sequence and energy of components

Grade-Level Expectations: Grade 8

Science as Inquiry

The Abilities Necessary to Do Scientific Inquiry

Identify problems, factors, and questions that must be considered in a scientific investigation (SI-M-A1)

Use a variety of sources to answer questions (SI-M-A1) Design, predict outcomes, and conduct experiments to answer guiding questions (SIM- A2)

Select and use appropriate equipment, technology, tools, and metric system units of measurement to make observations (SI-M-A3)

Record observations using methods that complement investigations (e.g., journals, tables, charts) (SI-M-A3)

Use consistency and precision in data collection, analysis, and reporting (SI-M-A3) Identify the difference between description and explanation (SI-M-A4) Identify and explain the limitations of models used to represent the natural world (SIM- A5)

Use evidence to make inferences and predict trends (SI-M-A5)

Communicate ideas in a variety of ways (e.g., symbols, illustrations, graphs, charts, spreadsheets, concept maps, oral and written reports, equations) (SI-M-A7)

Distinguish between observations and inferences (SI-M-A7) Use evidence and observations to explain and communicate the results of investigations (SI-M-A7)

Understanding Scientific Inquiry

Describe why all questions cannot be answered with present technologies (SI-M-B3)

Recognize that there is an acceptable range of variation in collected data (SI-M-B3)

Recognize the importance of communication among scientists about investigations in progress and the work of others (SI-M-B5)

Explain how skepticism about accepted scientific explanations (i.e., hypotheses and theories) leads to new understanding (SI-M-B5)

Explain why an experiment must be verified through multiple investigations and yield consistent results before the findings are accepted (SI-M-B5)

National Common Core Standards (High School 9-12)

ELA/Literacy: Speaking and Listening

Comprehension and Collaboration:

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.1.C Propel conversations by posing and responding to questions that relate the current discussion to broader themes or larger ideas; actively incorporate others into the discussion; and clarify, verify, or challenge ideas and conclusions.

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.11-12.1.B Work with peers to promote civil, democratic discussions and decision-making, set clear goals and deadlines, and establish individual roles as needed.

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.11-12.1.C Propel conversations by posing and responding to questions that probe reasoning and evidence; ensure a hearing for a full range of positions on a topic or issue; clarify, verify, or challenge ideas and conclusions; and promote divergent and creative perspectives.

Presentation of Knowledge and Ideas:

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.4 Present information, findings, and supporting evidence clearly, concisely, and logically such that listeners can follow the line of reasoning and the organization, development, substance, and style are appropriate to purpose, audience, and task.

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.6 Adapt speech to a variety of contexts and tasks, demonstrating command of formal English when indicated or appropriate.

ELA/Literacy: Language

Vocabulary Acquisition and Use:

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.9-10.6 Acquire and use accurately general academic and domain-specific words and phrases, sufficient for reading, writing, speaking, and listening at the college and career readiness level; demonstrate independence in gathering vocabulary knowledge when considering a word or phrase important to comprehension or expression.

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.11-12.6 Acquire and use accurately general academic and domain-specific words and phrases, sufficient for reading, writing, speaking, and listening at the college and career readiness level; demonstrate independence in gathering vocabulary knowledge when considering a word or phrase important to comprehension or expression.

ELA/Science and Technical Subjects

Key Ideas and Details:

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.9-10.3 Follow precisely a complex multistep procedure when carrying out experiments, taking measurements, or performing technical tasks, attending to special cases or exceptions defined in the text.

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.11-12.3 Follow precisely a complex multistep procedure when carrying out experiments, taking measurements, or performing technical tasks; analyze the specific results based on explanations in the text.

Integration of Knowledge and Ideas:

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.11-12.7 Integrate and evaluate multiple sources of information presented in diverse formats and media (e.g., quantitative data, video, multimedia) in order to address a question or solve a problem.

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.11-12.9 Synthesize information from a range of sources (e.g., texts, experiments, simulations) into a coherent understanding of a process, phenomenon, or concept, resolving conflicting information when possible.

Next Generation Science Standards (High School 9-12)

The following performance expectations developed using elements from NRC document, A Framework for K-12 Science Education:

HS. Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation Students who demonstrate understanding can:

HS-PS4-5. Communicate technical information about how some technological devices use the principles of wave behavior and wave interactions with matter to transmit and capture information and energy.* [Clarification Statement: Examples could include solar cells capturing light and converting it to electricity; medical imaging; and communications technology.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessments are limited to qualitative information. Assessments do not include band theory.]

Louisiana Benchmarks (High School 9-12)

Grade Level Expectations:

Science as Inquiry (Grades 9-12)

The Abilities Necessary to Do Scientific Inquiry

Describe how investigations can be observation, description, literature survey, classification, or experimentation (SI-H-A2)

Use technology when appropriate to enhance laboratory investigations and presentations of findings (SI-H-A3)

Choose appropriate models to explain scientific knowledge or experimental results (e.g., objects, mathematical relationships, plans, schemes, examples, role-playing, computer simulations) (SI-H-A4)

Write and defend a conclusion based on logical analysis of experimental data (SI-HA6) (SI-H-A2)

Understanding Scientific Inquiry

Evaluate selected theories based on supporting scientific evidence (SI-H-B1) Cite evidence that scientific investigations are conducted for many different reasons (SI-H-B2)

Cite examples of scientific advances and emerging technologies and how they affect society (e.g., MRI, DNA in forensics) (SI-H-B3)

Analyze the conclusion from an investigation by using data to determine its validity (SI-H-B4)

Physical Science (Recommended for Grade 9)

Interactions of Energy and Matter

Compare properties of waves in the electromagnetic spectrum (PS-H-G3)

Identify positive and negative effects of electromagnetic/mechanical waves on humans and human activities (e.g., sound, ultraviolet rays, X-rays, MRIs, fiber optics)(PS-H-G4) (PS-H-G3)