<div class="messages status"><h3> <b>Update:</b> pre-order a spectrometer kit (including one which attaches to your mobile phone) now at the <a href="http://breadpig.com/products/desktop-spectrometry-kit">Breadpig Store</a></h3></div> This page documents the construction of the [video spectrometer](/wiki/video-spectrometer). For usage, see [video spectrometer usage](/wiki/video-spectrometer-usage). For drafts and older instructions, see [video spectrometer construction drafts](/wiki/video-spectrometer-construction-drafts). If you have trouble, see [Video Spectrometer Troubleshooting](/wiki/video-spectrometer-troubleshooting) ##Quick-start video## This 10 minute video walks through a simplified but effective version of the video spectrometer. It skips the step of removing the infrared filter, but can be modified later for infrared data: <iframe width="480" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/IA5BTD-aelo" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe> ##Full step-by-step instructions## Construction using these steps should take less than 1 hour. Open-source software to operate this spectrometer is available at: https://spectralworkbench.org <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/jeffreywarren/7705680338/" title="Spectrometer kit by jeferonix, on Flickr"><img src="https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8148/7705680338_817aea0df4.jpg" width="500" height="375" alt="Spectrometer kit"></a> ##Materials## Everything necessary to make a DIY spectrometer: * a black VHS case like from Blockbuster - $0.50 * scissors * X-acto knife * duct tape and/or hot glue * approx. 4 in x 8 in stiff black card paper - $0.50 * a DVD-R - $0.50 * a USB webcam, preferably HD resolution ([like this one for $25](http://www.amazon.com/Creative-Live-Socialize-720P-Webcam/dp/B002OAVQJ8/) or [this one for $8](http://www.amazon.com/Creative-Live-Notebook-Ultra-Webcam/dp/B0031E1E66/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1323812832&sr=8-1)) * a computer with a web connection ##Construction## <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/publiclaboratory/7704838296/" title="Remove the VHS nubs by publiclaboratory, on Flickr"><img src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7279/7704838296_ab267b9c1a_m.jpg" width="240" height="180" alt="Remove the VHS nubs"></a><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/publiclaboratory/7704836800/" title="Take out and straighten your black card paper by publiclaboratory, on Flickr"><img src="https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8011/7704836800_f347b96d4e_m.jpg" width="240" height="180" alt="Take out and straighten your black card paper"></a> ###1. Cut off the VHS nubs### The flatter the better. Some cases have nubs on the top; it's still not a bad idea to remove them as they can create reflections in the case. Get out your black card and straighten it if it's become crooked. The kits ship with a pre-folded card as shown. <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/publiclaboratory/7704837604/" title="2cm from the edge, precisely cut a 1mm wide strip where shown by publiclaboratory, on Flickr"><img src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7129/7704837604_2bcca20973_m.jpg" width="240" height="180" alt="2cm from the edge, precisely cut a 1mm wide strip where shown"></a><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/publiclaboratory/7704836018/" title="Carefully cut out the narrow strip you've made by publiclaboratory, on Flickr"><img src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7117/7704836018_f3be8e9249_m.jpg" width="240" height="180" alt="Carefully cut out the narrow strip you've made"></a> ###2. 3 cm from the edge, carefully cut out a <1 mm wide strip where shown### This is one of the most important steps; the slit should be very consistently straight, and quite narrow. Light will pass through here to enter the spectrometer. Generally, the narrower the slit the higher resolution the device, but then less light can enter, so you won't get as strong of a reading. <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/publiclaboratory/7704834452/" title="Your card should now look like this by publiclaboratory, on Flickr"><img src="https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8154/7704834452_3951d8f3c4_m.jpg" width="240" height="180" alt="Your card should now look like this"></a><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/publiclaboratory/7704833848/" title="Now cut a corresponding larger opening in the case by publiclaboratory, on Flickr"><img src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7116/7704833848_088e8a3c3f_m.jpg" width="240" height="180" alt="Now cut a corresponding larger opening in the case"></a> ###3. Put the card in the box, and cut a larger opening in the VHS case to expose the slit### The opening can be a centimeter wide; the black paper just lets you make a more precise slit than you'd get when cutting the box. You can also replace the slit to make it more precise or if it gets damaged. <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/publiclaboratory/7704832890/" title="Now snap off the useless half of the webcam by publiclaboratory, on Flickr"><img src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7264/7704832890_c79dc16088.jpg" width="500" height="375" alt="Now snap off the useless half of the webcam"></a> ###4. Snap off the useless half of the webcam### Some cameras may sit flat on the bottom of the box; our kit includes a nice, compact camera with flat sides (hard to find! too much ergonomics!) but you can make it even smaller by snapping it in half. If you can't find a flat-bottomed camera, you can use hot glue, epoxy, moldable plastic, or metal brackets to ensure that your camera stays level and rigidly in place. <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/publiclaboratory/7704832146/" title="Situate it at a ~45 deg angle, lens in line with the slit by publiclaboratory, on Flickr"><img src="https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8157/7704832146_7223d4fe52_m.jpg" width="240" height="180" alt="Situate it at a ~45 deg angle, lens in line with the slit"></a><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/publiclaboratory/7704833344/" title="Affix the card against the matching wall of the case by publiclaboratory, on Flickr"><img src="https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8001/7704833344_b208fd6513_m.jpg" width="240" height="180" alt="Affix the card against the matching wall of the case"></a> ###5. Check that your camera will align with the slit, and attach the black card### An imaginary line directly from the slit should intersect the lens. You may have to adjust the angle of the webcam later, once you start collecting spectra. Tape or glue your black card in place, firmly abutting the wall with the opening. You may have to add black tape (gaffe tape works well) to absorb reflections if your box is very shiny or has light leaks. <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/publiclaboratory/7704830406/" title="Now split the DVD-R into 2 layers by publiclaboratory, on Flickr"><img src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7117/7704830406_fe8dbb1ddc_m.jpg" width="240" height="180" alt="Now split the DVD-R into 2 layers"></a><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/publiclaboratory/7704829890/" title="Cut a rough 0.5cm square with no fingerprints by publiclaboratory, on Flickr"><img src="https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8022/7704829890_b723016cc8_m.jpg" width="240" height="180" alt="Cut a rough 0.5cm square with no fingerprints"></a> ###6. Split the DVD-R into layers and cut a small rectangle from the clear layer ### Don't get fingerprints on the DVD, and cut your "grating" from the outside edge where the track lines are more parallel. You can cut this piece down more precisely later. <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/publiclaboratory/7704827766/" title="Now, carefully pry open the webcam by publiclaboratory, on Flickr"><img src="https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8282/7704827766_0e2111c577_m.jpg" width="240" height="180" alt="Now, carefully pry open the webcam"></a><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/publiclaboratory/7705441970/" title="Cut the DVD piece down to fit in front of the lens, inside the webcam by publiclaboratory, on Flickr"><img src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7131/7705441970_2a91814f1d_m.jpg" width="240" height="180" alt="Cut the DVD piece down to fit in front of the lens, inside the webcam"></a> ###7. Apply gentle pressure with pliers to open the webcam, and cut the DVD to fit inside the lens hole### You'll have enough DVD to try again if this goes wrong. Align the outside edge of the DVD so the track lines will appear vertical in the resulting video. <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/publiclaboratory/7705440790/" title="Tape or hot glue it in place and let the outer edge of the disc keep it straight by publiclaboratory, on Flickr"><img src="https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8018/7705440790_96f6fc5b5f.jpg" width="500" height="375" alt="Tape or hot glue it in place and let the outer edge of the disc keep it straight"></a> ###8. Tape or glue the DVD piece in place### Superglue may leave a "frosty" looking stain, so try hot glue or epoxy. Tape works fine -- just don't cover where the camera will look through. <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/publiclaboratory/7704827200/" title="Use pliers to unscrew the lens and remove it by publiclaboratory, on Flickr"><img src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7110/7704827200_b16cd4cf16_m.jpg" width="240" height="180" alt="Use pliers to unscrew the lens and remove it"></a><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/publiclaboratory/7704826464/" title="Using a knife, pry off the infrared filter by publiclaboratory, on Flickr"><img src="https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8160/7704826464_904405fe00_m.jpg" width="240" height="180" alt="Using a knife, pry off the infrared filter"></a> ###9. Unscrew the lens and remove the infrared filter### Heating the lens a bit with a hair dryer can help loosen it. The filter will look iridescent -- you can throw it away. Screw the lens back in close to how it was. More tips on removing filters from other types of webcams can be found here: [Webcam filter removal](/wiki/webcam-filter-removal) <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/jeffreywarren/6289358686/" title="Look at a barcode through the webcam to determine its range of focus by jeferonix, on Flickr"><img src="https://farm7.staticflickr.com/6049/6289358686_31173bdf7e.jpg" width="500" height="375" alt="Look at a barcode through the webcam to determine its range of focus"></a> ###10. Look at a barcode through the webcam to refocus it to about 20 cm (8") away### Use a webcam program like Photo Booth or even https://spectralworkbench.org/capture (experimental). A barcode has fine details so it's a nice test of focus. (The above image is of an older kit) Rotate the camera lens to adjust the focus. You may need to *gently* use a pair of needle-nosed pliers at first. Anything around 8 inches away from the lens should be in focus. This means your slit will be in focus when the box is closed. If you don't carefully refocus your camera, your spectra will be of very low resolution. Now snap your webcam back together. <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/publiclaboratory/7704829122/" title="An extra deep notch can hold the USB cable, knotted, for stability by publiclaboratory, on Flickr"><img src="https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8022/7704829122_ec30730225_m.jpg" width="240" height="180" alt="An extra deep notch can hold the USB cable, knotted, for stability"></a><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/publiclaboratory/7704828536/" title="Fix the camera in the box. Optionally, use Velcro to leave room to adjust. by publiclaboratory, on Flickr"><img src="https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8012/7704828536_a945ae992d_m.jpg" width="240" height="180" alt="Fix the camera in the box. Optionally, use Velcro to leave room to adjust."></a> ###11. Cut a notch for the USB cable, and fix your camera inside the box### Leave a couple inches of cable slack in the box. A knot inside the notch assures that the camera is not disturbed even if you yank the cable a bit. You can use Velcro to allow for re-adjusting the camera angle; it'll be about 45 degrees and you can glue it in place once you've gotten it right. <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/publiclaboratory/7705872302/" title="Check for light leaks by publiclaboratory, on Flickr"><img src="https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8009/7705872302_d75f51fc3e.jpg" width="500" height="375" alt="Check for light leaks"></a> ###12. Close off any light leaks with dark tape### Shiny sides inside the box may create reflections, and light may leak in where the hinge meets the corner of the box. Dark gaffe tape can help, as can more pieces of black paper. Some people line their boxes with felt or black velvet (fancy!). <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/jeffreywarren/6289554138/" title="A completed spectrometer by jeferonix, on Flickr"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6112/6289554138_a8ecf28bbe.jpg" width="500" height="375" alt="A completed spectrometer"></a> ###A completed spectrometer### I added a blue tape with an arrow so you know where the slot is, and mounted it on an old LCD monitor stand. Pro-fessional! ##Using your spectrometer## The PLOTS Spectral Workbench software is still in beta, but you should be able to get started collecting spectra. A video on how to use the spectrometer is on the front page: https://spectralworkbench.org ##Getting involved## The design is still being modified and improved. If you have ideas for how to make it better, chip in on the mailing list by joining Public Lab: http://publiclaboratory.org/join